Chapter 10: This World of Things
Explore the world of materials and their properties!
Chapter Summary
This chapter introduces children to the materials and objects in their environment. It helps them understand the sources of materials (natural or artificial), their properties (hard, soft, transparent, opaque, etc.), and how we classify them. Through observation and hands-on activities, students learn to explore what things are made of, how they feel, how they sound, and whether they can bend, flow, or break. Key themes include natural vs. artificial materials, material properties (solid, liquid, gas; transparent, opaque, translucent), sources of materials, and grouping/classifying materials.
Let Us Answer
Page 123: Khushi’s Drawing
Can you name the things Khushi has drawn?
Ans: Table, chair, window, glass panes, tree, sunlight, bulb, blackboard.
Do you see the window glass? Why or why not?
Ans: Yes, because glass is transparent.
Page 124–125: Understand Your Classroom
What are the table and chair made of?
Ans: Wood, which comes from trees.
Hinges, nails, latches — made of?
Ans: Metal, which comes from ores in the Earth.
Other items (mats, bulbs, switches)?
Ans:
- Mats – Cloth or plastic
- Bulbs – Glass and metal
- Switches – Plastic
Page 126–127: Seeing Through Materials
Transparent object?
Ans: Glass
Translucent materials?
Ans: Frosted glass, oiled paper, some plastics
Opaque materials?
Ans: Wood, metal, stone
Page 128–129: Chain Game – Material Match
Material Match Table:
| Material | Khushi’s List | Add Your Own |
|---|---|---|
| Wood | Table, chair | Ruler, cupboard |
| Metal | Hinges, nails | Coins, utensils |
| Glass | Bulb, windows | Bottles, jars |
| Plastic | Switches | Toys, bottles |
| Clay | — | Pots, tiles |
| Rubber | — | Erasers, tires |
Sources?
Ans:
- Wood → Tree
- Metal → Earth (ore)
- Cloth → Cotton (plant)
Page 129: Talk to Grandparents
Were the same materials used in their childhood?
Ans: Many items were made of natural materials like clay, metal, and cloth. Plastic was less common.
New materials now?
Ans: Yes, plastic and synthetic fibres are more common now.
Page 130: Sound Activity – Tap and Listen
Tap metal spoon on different items:
| Material | Sound Example |
|---|---|
| Metal | Ting-ting |
| Wood | Thak-thak |
| Plastic | Dub-dub |
| Cloth | No sound |
| Glass | Tink-tink |
Page 130–131: Odd Pairs Activity
Odd Pairs Table:
| Object | Wrong Material | Why Not? |
|---|---|---|
| Umbrella | Paper | Will tear in rain |
| Spoon | Cloth | Too soft to hold food |
| Table | Rubber | Too bendy |
| Window | Wood | Not see-through |
| Bottle | Cloth | Cannot hold liquid |
Page 132: Solids, Liquids, and Gases Sorting
Sorting:
Ans:
- Tray (Solid): Spoon, stone, ice
- Bottle (Liquid): Water, ink, honey
- Balloon (Gas): Air, smoke, steam
Confusing materials:
Ans:
- Sand: Solid but can pour like liquid
- Clay: Solid but moldable
- Sponge: Solid but soft and absorbs
Page 133: Natural vs Artificial
Natural:
Ans: Tree, Mango, Bird, Water, Air
Artificial:
Ans: Clothes, Shoes, Table, Toys, Mobile phone
When did Khushi draw the mango tree?
Ans: Around June, when mangoes ripen.
Activities
Page 124–125: Classroom Observation
Activity Tip: Let students observe and list items made of different materials in the classroom (e.g., desk, chalk, duster).
Page 126–127: Transparent World
Fun Activity: Use coloured plastics/glass to view paper and objects – note colour change.
Instructions: Hold transparent or translucent materials (e.g., coloured plastic sheets) over paper or objects and describe how colors appear.
Page 130: Sound Activity – Tap and Listen
Instructions: Tap a metal spoon on items made of metal, wood, plastic, cloth, and glass. Note the sounds (e.g., ting-ting, thak-thak) and create a rhythm.
Page 134: Activity Suggestions
Segregate Waste:
- Use coloured bins for wet and dry waste.
- Involve kids after lunch/snack time.
Material Hunt:
- Find 5 things made of metal, glass, cloth, plastic.
Transparent World:
- Make art by viewing paper through coloured films.
Orchestra Game:
- Create soundscapes using home/classroom objects.
Instructions: Conduct these activities in class or at home under teacher/parent supervision to explore materials and their properties.
Let Us Reflect
Page 134: A. Write
Three common materials:
Ans: Wood, Plastic, Metal
Page 134: B. Discuss
Shiny Spoon Test:
Ans:
- Try scratching it gently (paint may come off).
- Check if it feels cold (metal usually does).
- Tap for metallic sound.
Page 134: C. Draw
Natural vs Artificial:
Ans:
- Natural: Tree, Sun, River
- Artificial: Car, Chair, Pencil
Instructions: Draw one natural and one artificial object, label them, and color in your notebook.
Page 134: D. Match the Pairs Activity
Instructions: Connect objects to their correct materials or uses based on the visuals in the book (e.g., spoon to metal, bottle to glass/plastic).
Concepts Covered
- Natural vs. artificial materials
- Material properties: Hard, soft, transparent, opaque, translucent
- States of matter: Solid, liquid, gas
- Sources of materials: Trees, ores, plants
- Sound, texture, and appearance of materials
- Grouping and classifying materials
- Hands-on activities: Observing materials, sound exploration, waste segregation
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